Private Equity Due Diligence Questionnaire

Private Equity Due Diligence Questionnaire: Your Comprehensive Guide

Are you a private equity firm preparing to invest in a new company? The process is complex, demanding meticulous scrutiny and a deep understanding of the target's financial health, operational efficiency, and legal standing. One crucial tool in your arsenal? A comprehensive private equity due diligence questionnaire. This isn't just a formality; it's the bedrock upon which informed investment decisions are built. This article provides a detailed overview of creating and utilizing a robust private equity due diligence questionnaire, equipping you with the knowledge to navigate this critical phase successfully. We'll cover key areas to investigate, best practices for structuring your questionnaire, and the essential information you need to gather to mitigate risk and maximize your return on investment. Get ready to delve into the intricacies of due diligence and learn how a well-crafted questionnaire is your key to unlocking success.

I. Understanding the Importance of a Robust Due Diligence Questionnaire

Before diving into the specifics of questionnaire construction, let's emphasize the critical role it plays in the private equity investment process. A thorough due diligence questionnaire isn't simply a checklist; it's a strategic tool that helps you:

Identify Red Flags Early: A well-structured questionnaire proactively surfaces potential problems before they escalate into significant issues post-acquisition. This allows for informed negotiation and potentially even walking away from a deal that presents unacceptable risk.

Mitigate Financial Risk: By systematically investigating the target company's financial statements, accounting practices, and debt structure, you can accurately assess its financial health and identify potential vulnerabilities.

Assess Operational Efficiency: The questionnaire helps you understand the target's operational processes, identify areas for improvement, and gauge the effectiveness of its management team.

Uncover Legal and Regulatory Compliance Issues: Investigating legal compliance, intellectual property rights, and potential litigation helps ensure the target company operates within the bounds of the law and minimizes future legal liabilities.

Strengthen Negotiation Leverage: The insights gained from the questionnaire provide valuable leverage during negotiations, allowing you to adjust the purchase price or secure favorable terms.

Improve Post-Acquisition Integration: A thorough understanding of the target's operations, systems, and personnel facilitates a smoother and more efficient integration process after the acquisition.

Without a comprehensive due diligence questionnaire, your investment is akin to navigating uncharted waters without a map. It drastically increases your risk profile and diminishes your chances of achieving a successful outcome.

II. Key Areas to Cover in Your Private Equity Due Diligence Questionnaire

Your questionnaire needs to be tailored to the specific characteristics of the target company and the industry it operates within. However, certain core areas should always be thoroughly investigated. These include:

A. Financial Due Diligence:

Historical Financial Performance: Analyze revenue growth, profitability margins, cash flow, and key financial ratios over several years. Look for trends, anomalies, and inconsistencies.
Accounting Practices: Evaluate the company's accounting policies, internal controls, and adherence to Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP).
Debt Structure: Understand the company's debt levels, interest rates, maturity dates, and covenants. Assess its ability to service its debt.
Working Capital Management: Examine inventory levels, accounts receivable, and accounts payable to assess the efficiency of working capital management.
Tax Compliance: Verify the company's compliance with all relevant tax laws and regulations.

B. Operational Due Diligence:

Business Model and Strategy: Understand the company's business model, competitive landscape, and strategic goals.
Key Performance Indicators (KPIs): Identify and analyze key metrics that reflect the company's operational performance.
Management Team: Assess the experience, expertise, and integrity of the management team.
Customer Base: Evaluate the concentration of customers, customer loyalty, and customer churn.
Supply Chain: Analyze the company's supply chain, including its suppliers, distributors, and logistics.

C. Legal and Regulatory Due Diligence:

Legal Compliance: Verify the company's compliance with all applicable laws and regulations.
Intellectual Property: Review the company's intellectual property portfolio, including patents, trademarks, and copyrights.
Litigation and Disputes: Investigate any pending or potential legal disputes or litigation.
Environmental Compliance: Assess compliance with environmental regulations and potential environmental liabilities.
Insurance Coverage: Evaluate the adequacy of the company's insurance coverage.

III. Structuring Your Private Equity Due Diligence Questionnaire for Maximum Impact

The structure of your questionnaire is as crucial as its content. A well-organized questionnaire ensures that the information you gather is comprehensive, consistent, and easy to analyze. Consider these best practices:

Logical Flow: Organize the questions in a logical sequence, moving from general to specific topics.
Clear and Concise Language: Use clear, concise language that is easy to understand. Avoid jargon or technical terms that may not be familiar to the target company.
Specific and Targeted Questions: Frame your questions specifically to elicit the precise information you need. Avoid open-ended questions that are difficult to answer.
Multiple-Choice Options: Incorporate multiple-choice options where appropriate to standardize responses and simplify analysis.
Supporting Documentation: Request supporting documentation to corroborate the responses provided.

IV. Sample Private Equity Due Diligence Questionnaire Outline

Title: Comprehensive Private Equity Due Diligence Questionnaire for [Target Company Name]

I. Introduction: A brief introduction explaining the purpose of the questionnaire and its importance.

II. Company Overview: Basic information about the target company, its history, and its industry.

III. Financial Statements & Analysis: Detailed questions related to financial performance, accounting practices, and debt structure.

IV. Operations and Management: Questions focusing on the company's operational efficiency, management team, and key processes.

V. Legal and Regulatory Compliance: Questions assessing the company's legal and regulatory compliance status.

VI. Intellectual Property and Technology: Examination of patents, trademarks, copyrights, and proprietary technology.

VII. Risk Assessment: Identification of potential risks and liabilities associated with the target company.

VIII. Post-Acquisition Integration: Considerations for a smooth transition and integration process.

IX. Conclusion: A summary of the key findings and next steps.

V. Detailed Explanation of Questionnaire Sections

This section would expand upon each of the nine sections outlined above, providing detailed sample questions for each area. For example, the "Financial Statements & Analysis" section might include specific questions regarding revenue recognition, expense classifications, capital expenditures, and debt covenants. The "Operations and Management" section would explore key operational metrics, supply chain management, customer relationships, and the experience and capabilities of the management team. The detailed explanation would provide concrete examples and best practices for formulating effective questions to gain the maximum information and insights needed for a thorough due diligence process.

FAQs

1. What is the difference between financial due diligence and operational due diligence? Financial due diligence focuses on the target's financial health, while operational due diligence examines the efficiency and effectiveness of its operations.

2. How long does it typically take to complete a private equity due diligence process? The timeframe varies depending on the size and complexity of the target company, but it can range from a few weeks to several months.

3. What are some common red flags to watch out for during due diligence? Red flags include inconsistent financial statements, significant legal disputes, weak management team, and high customer churn.

4. What is the role of legal counsel in the due diligence process? Legal counsel reviews legal documents, assesses legal compliance, and identifies potential legal risks.

5. How can I ensure the accuracy of the information provided in the questionnaire? Request supporting documentation, conduct interviews with key personnel, and perform independent verification.

6. What should I do if I identify significant issues during due diligence? Evaluate the severity of the issues and their potential impact on the investment. You may need to renegotiate the purchase price, secure additional warranties, or walk away from the deal.

7. Can I use a template for my private equity due diligence questionnaire? While templates can be helpful starting points, they should be customized to fit the specific characteristics of the target company.

8. What is the role of technology in private equity due diligence? Technology can streamline the process by automating data collection, analysis, and reporting.

9. How can I improve the efficiency of my due diligence process? Plan meticulously, utilize technology effectively, and work collaboratively with your team and advisors.

1. Understanding Private Equity Valuation Methods: Explores different valuation techniques used in private equity transactions.

2. Negotiating Private Equity Deals: Key Strategies and Tactics: Focuses on strategies and tactics for successful deal negotiations.

3. Private Equity Investment Strategies: A Comprehensive Guide: Provides an overview of various private equity investment approaches.

4. Managing Risk in Private Equity Investments: Discusses risk management strategies for mitigating investment risks.

5. The Role of Technology in Private Equity Due Diligence: Explores the use of technology to enhance the due diligence process.

6. Legal Considerations in Private Equity Transactions: Covers crucial legal aspects of private equity transactions.

7. Financial Modeling for Private Equity Investments: Details financial modeling techniques for private equity analysis.

8. Post-Acquisition Integration Strategies for Private Equity Firms: Focuses on strategies for successful post-acquisition integration.

9. Private Equity Exit Strategies: Maximizing Returns on Investment: Explores different exit strategies for private equity investments.

private equity due diligence questionnaire: Private Equity Operational Due Diligence Jason A. Scharfman, 2012-02-28 A step-by-step guide to develop a flexible comprehensive operational due diligence program for private equity and real estate funds Addressing the unique aspects and challenges associated with performing operational due diligence review of both private equity and real estate asset classes, this essential guide provides readers with the tools to develop a flexible comprehensive operational due diligence program for private equity and real estate. It includes techniques for analyzing fund legal documents and financial statements, as well as methods for evaluating operational risks concerning valuation methodologies, pricing documentation and illiquidity concerns. Covers topics including fund legal documents and financial statement analysis techniques Includes case studies in operational fraud Companion website includes sample checklists, templates, spreadsheets, and links to laws and regulations referenced in the book Equips investors with the tools to evaluate liquidity, valuation, and documentation Also by Jason Scharfman: Hedge Fund Operational Due Diligence: Understanding the Risks Filled with case studies, this book is required reading for private equity and real estate investors, as well as fund managers and service providers, for performing due diligence on the noninvestment risks associated with private equity and real estate funds.
private equity due diligence questionnaire: Venture Capital Due Diligence Justin J. Camp, 2002-02-21 Due Diligence ist ein Prüfverfahren, mit dessen Hilfe Investoren die wirtschaftliche und finanzielle Situation des zu finanzierenden Unternehmens genau durchleuchten, um solide Investmententscheidungen zu treffen. Venture Capital Due Diligence ist ein praktischer Leitfaden zum Due Diligence Prozess. Er erläutert ausführlich das strenge Regelwerk dieses Prüfverfahrens und zeigt dem Leser, wie er diese Technik in der Praxis einsetzt, um damit Investmentchancen zu bewerten und die Rentabilität seiner Kapitalanlage (ROI - Return on Investment) einzuschätzen. Mit Tipps, Ratschlägen und Checklisten, die von den international erfolgreichsten Wagniskapitalgebern zusammengestellt wurden sowie einem Fragenkatalog, der die wichtigsten Kriterien des Due Diligence Prozesses beinhaltet. Venture Capital Due Diligence ist ein unentbehrlicher Ratgeber für alle Venture Capitalists, professionelle Investoren und Finanzgeber.
private equity due diligence questionnaire: A Practical Guide to Private Equity Transactions Geoff Yates, Mike Hinchliffe, 2010-02-18 This overview of a complex and often misunderstood subject takes the reader through the issues that are faced throughout the life cycle of a private equity investment, from the identification of an opportunity, through the various stages of the transaction and the lifetime of the investment, to the eventual exit by the investor. The analysis of key documentation and legal issues covers company law, employment law, pensions, taxation, debt funding and competition law, taking into account recent legal developments such as the Companies Act 2006, the recent emergence of private equity in the UK and the challenges faced by the industry as a result of the financial crisis.
private equity due diligence questionnaire: Summary of Jason A. Scharfman's Private Equity Operational Due Diligence Everest Media, 2022-03-02T07:00:00Z Please note: This is a companion version & not the original book. Sample Book Insights: #1 Private equity investing is a unique asset class that can offer a number of attractive benefits to investors. Compared to more traditional investments, some of the benefits associated with private equity investing can include the ability to focus on long-term capital growth with higher uncorrelated returns. #2 There are many names for the noninvestment-related risks that can affect a business. Some may refer to these noninvestment-related risks as fat-tail risks. The term fat-tail risks is used due to the severe effects that these risk may have, coupled with the perceived infrequency with which they actually cause damage. #3 There are many factors that can fall into the category of operational risks. Common operational risks are outlined in Exhibit 1. 1. #4 The term operational risk is used to describe the risks that come from the day-to-day operations of a business. It is usually a term whose definition is driven by the market.
private equity due diligence questionnaire: The Impact Investor Cathy Clark, Jed Emerson, Ben Thornley, 2014-09-22 Your money can change the world The Impact Investor: Lessons in Leadership and Strategy for Collaborative Capitalism offers precise details on what, exactly, impact investing entails, embodied in the experiences and best and proven practices of some of the world's most successful impact investors, across asset classes, geographies and areas of impact. The book discusses the parameters of impact investing in unprecedented detail and clarity, providing both context and tools to those eager to engage in the generational shift in the way finance and business is being approached in the new era of Collaborative Capitalism. The book presents a simple thesis with clarity and conviction: Impact investing can be done successfully. This is what success looks like, and this is what it requires. With much-needed lessons for practitioners, the authors view impact investing as a harbinger of a new, more multilingual (cross-sector), transparent, and accountable form of economic leadership. The Impact Investor: Lessons in Leadership and Strategy for Collaborative Capitalism serves as a resource for a variety of players in finance and business, including: Investors: It demonstrates not only the types of investments which can be profitable and impactful, but also details best practices that, with roots in impact investing, will increasingly play a role in undergirding the success of all investment strategies. Wealth advisors/financial services professionals: With unprecedented detail on the innovative structures and strategies of impact investing funds, the book provides guidance to financial institutions on how to incorporate these investments in client portfolios. Foundations: The book explores the many catalytic and innovative ways for for-profit and non-profit investors to partner, amplifying the potential social and environmental impacts of philanthropic spending and market-rate endowment investment. Business students: By including strategies for making sound impact investments based on detailed case studies, it provides concrete lessons and explores the skills required to enhance prospects for success as a finance and business professional. Policy makers: Reinforcing the urgency of creating a supportive and enabling environment for impact investing, the book demonstrates ways policy has already shaped the sector, and suggests new ways for policymakers to support it. Corporate leaders: The book includes essential advice on the way business is and must be responding to a new generation of Millennial clients and customers, with unique insights into a form of value creation that is inherently more collaborative and outcomes-driven.
private equity due diligence questionnaire: Hedge Fund Operational Due Diligence Jason A. Scharfman, 2008-12-03 How to diagnose and monitor key hedge fund operational risks With the various scandals taking place with hedge funds, now more than ever, both financial and operational risks must be examined. Revealing how to effectively detect and evaluate often-overlooked operational risk factors in hedge funds, such as multi-jurisdictional regulatory coordination, organizational nesting, and vaporware, Hedge Fund Operational Due Diligence includes real-world examples drawn from the author's experiences dealing with the operational risks of a global platform of over 80 hedge funds, funds of hedge funds, private equity, and real estate managers.
private equity due diligence questionnaire: Due Diligence and the Business Transaction Jeffrey W. Berkman, 2014-01-18 Due Diligence and the Business Transaction: Getting a Deal Done is a practical guide to due diligence for anyone buying or selling a privately held business or entering into a major agreement with another company. When you’re buying a business, it’s wise to conduct due diligence. That's the process of investigating and verifying the firm’s finances, labor record, exposure to environmental issues, store of intellectual property, hard assets, ownership structure, and much more. If you don’t, you may later stumble into serious, costly problems, or you may pay an inflated price for the business. This book not only shows you how to conduct such an examination and what to look for, but it will also help you uncover hidden issues that some sellers might not want you to know about. Conversely, this book shows smart business sellers how to conduct due diligence on their own firms to arrive at the right sales price, uncover issues that might scare off buyers or investors, solve lingering problems before a sale, and more. Done right, due diligence can help sellers ensure they sell the business for the best price and with the least risk. Due Diligence and the Business Transaction will help you understand when to conduct due diligence, whom to include, and how to spot the red flags that signal danger. In addition, you will learn: How to conduct due diligence when contemplating a joint venture, business loan, franchise opportunity, or manufacturing deal How to calibrate the correct scope and breadth of the due diligence investigation depending on your situation How the results of due diligence may and often will change the elements of the final deal How to draft due diligence documents so they protect your interests What successful deals look like Corporate attorney and due diligence expert Jeffrey W. Berkman interweaves critical action points, guidelines and procedural steps, case studies, and due diligence questionnaires, checklists, and documents. The veteran of many business deals, Berkman's advice will help you avoid business-crippling mistakes and make the best deal possible.
private equity due diligence questionnaire: International Private Equity Eli Talmor, Florin Vasvari, 2011-06-24 Bringing a unique joint practitioner and academic perspective to the topic, this is the only available text on private equity truly international in focus. Examples are drawn from Europe the Middle East, Africa and America with major case studies from a wide range of business sectors, from the prestigious collection of the London Business School’s Coller Institute of Private Equity. Much more than a simple case book, however, International Private Equity provides a valuable overview of the private equity industry and uses the studies to exemplify all stages of the deal process, and to illustrate such key topics as investing in emerging markets; each chapter guides the reader with an authoritative narrative on the topic treated. Covering all the main aspects of the private equity model, the book includes treatment of fund raising, fund structuring, fund performance measurement, private equity valuation, due diligence, modeling of leveraged buyout transactions, and harvesting of private equity investments.
private equity due diligence questionnaire: Mastering Private Equity Set Claudia Zeisberger, Michael Prahl, Bowen White, 2017-07-06 This set combines the definitive guide to private equity with its case book companion, providing readers with both the tools used by industry professionals and the means to apply them to real-life investment scenarios. 1) Mastering Private Equity was written with a professional audience in mind and provides a valuable and unique reference for investors, finance professionals, students and business owners looking to engage with private equity firms or invest in private equity funds. From deal sourcing to exit, LBOs to responsible investing, operational value creation to risk management, the book systematically distils the essence of private equity into core concepts and explains in detail the dynamics of venture capital, growth equity and buyout transactions. With a foreword by Henry Kravis, Co-Chairman and Co-CEO of KKR, and special guest comments by senior PE professionals. 2) Private Equity in Action takes you on a tour of the private equity investment world through a series of case studies written by INSEAD faculty and taught at the world’s leading business schools. The book is an ideal complement to Mastering Private Equity and allows readersto apply core concepts to investment targets and portfolio companies in real-life settings. The 19 cases illustrate the managerial challenges and risk-reward dynamics common to private equity investment. Written with leading private equity firms and their advisors and rigorously tested in INSEAD's MBA, EMBA and executive education programmes, each case makes for a compelling read.
private equity due diligence questionnaire: Private Equity Compliance Jason A. Scharfman, 2018-09-12 Develop and manage a private equity compliance program Compliance has become one of the fastest-growing areas in the private equity (PE) space. Mirroring trends from the hedge fund industry, recent surveys indicate that PE managers rank compliance as the single most challenging aspect of their business. Reports also indicate that PE compliance spending has rapidly outpaced other PE operating costs with recent estimates indicating that individual PE funds on average spend at least 15 - 20% of their operating budgets on this area. General Partners (GPs) have also significantly ramped up the hiring of private equity compliance related roles. Private Equity Compliance provides current and practical guidance on key private equity (PE) compliance challenges and trends. Packed with detailed, practical guidance on developing and managing a private equity compliance program, it offers up-to-date case studies and an analysis of critical regulatory enforcement actions on private equity funds in areas including conflict of interest, fees, expenses, LP fun raising disclosures, and valuations. • Provides real-world compliance guidance • Offers information that is tailored to the current compliance practices employed by GPs in the private equity industry. • Provides guidance on managing the compliance risks associated with cybersecurity and information technology risk • Serves as a PE-focused complement to the author's previous book, Hedge Fund Compliance If you’re a private equity investor or compliance officer looking for trusted guidance on analyzing conflicts, fees, and risks, this is one reference you can’t be without.
private equity due diligence questionnaire: Mastering Private Equity Claudia Zeisberger, Michael Prahl, Bowen White, 2017-07-07 The definitive guide to private equity for investors and finance professionals Mastering Private Equity was written with a professional audience in mind and provides a valuable and unique reference for investors, finance professionals, students and business owners looking to engage with private equity firms or invest in private equity funds. From deal sourcing to exit, LBOs to responsible investing, operational value creation to risk management, the book systematically distils the essence of private equity into core concepts and explains in detail the dynamics of venture capital, growth equity and buyout transactions. With a foreword by Henry Kravis, Co-Chairman and Co-CEO of KKR, and special guest comments by senior PE professionals. This book combines insights from leading academics and practitioners and was carefully structured to offer: A clear and concise reference for the industry expert A step-by-step guide for students and casual observers of the industry A theoretical companion to the INSEAD case book Private Equity in Action: Case Studies from Developed and Emerging Markets Features guest comments by senior PE professionals from the firms listed below: Abraaj • Adams Street Partners • Apax Partners • Baring PE Asia • Bridgepoint • The Carlyle Group • Coller Capital • Debevoise & Plimpton LLP • FMO • Foundry Group • Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer • General Atlantic • ILPA • Intermediate Capital Group • KKR Capstone • LPEQ • Maxeda • Navis Capital • Northleaf Capital • Oaktree Capital • Partners Group • Permira • Terra Firma
private equity due diligence questionnaire: J-Curve Exposure Pierre-Yves Mathonet, Thomas Meyer, 2008-07-31 Building on the success of the author’s previous book Beyond the J Curve:Managing a Portfolio of Venture Capital and Private Equity Funds, this work covers new and additional material and offers advanced guidance on the practical questions faced by institutions when setting up and managing a successful private equity investment programme. Written from the practitioner’s viewpoint, the book offers private equity and venture capital professionals an advanced guide that will make high return targets more realistic and sustainable. Factors that can sometimes cause institutions to shy away from venture capital are the industry’s opaque track record, unclear valuations and risks, perceived lack of transparency as well as the significant entry barriers to overcome before tangible results show. These issues are all addressed in details with practical solutions to the problems. Among other topics J-Curve Exposure includes discussions of: Experiences with the adoption of the International Private Equity and Venture Capital Valuation Guidelines to address fair value under IFRS. Approaches for splitting and prioritizing distributions from private equity funds. Techniques for track record analysis and other tools to help limited partners in their due diligence. Approaches to dealing with uncertainty, the relevance of real options, and co-investments and side funds as advanced portfolio management techniques. Questions related to limited partner decision making fallacies and how to manage portfolios of VC funds. Securitization backed by portfolios of investments in private equity funds. Real life case studies illustrate the issues relevant for the practitioner.
private equity due diligence questionnaire: Private Equity 4.0 Benoît Leleux, Hans van Swaay, Esmeralda Megally, 2015-01-15 “Private equity is more economically significant than ever, as institutions hunt for high returns in a risky world. Private Equity 4.0 examines the role, workings and contribution of this important industry in a straightforward yet revealing manner.” Dr. Josh Lerner Jacob H. Schiff Professor of Investment Banking Chair, Entrepreneurial Management Unit Harvard Business School A multi-perspective look at private equity's inner workings Private Equity 4.0 provides an insider perspective on the private equity industry, and analyzes the fundamental evolution of the private equity asset class over the past 30 years, from alternative to mainstream. The book provides insightful interviews of key industry figures, and case studies of some of the success stories in the industry. It also answers key questions related to strategy, fund manager selection, incentive mechanisms, performance comparison, red flags in prospectuses, and more. Private Equity 4.0 offers guidance for the many stakeholders that could benefit from a more complete understanding of this special area of finance. Understand the industry's dominant business models Discover how value is created and performance measured Perform a deep dive into the ecosystem of professionals that make the industry hum, including the different incentive systems that support the industry's players Elaborate a clear set of guidelines to invest in the industry and deliver better performance Written by a team of authors that combine academic and industry expertise to produce a well-rounded perspective, this book details the inner workings of private equity and gives readers the background they need to feel confident about committing to this asset class. Coverage includes a historical perspective on the business models of the three major waves of private equity leading to today's 4.0 model, a detailed analysis of the industry today, as well as reflections on the future of private equity and prospective futures. It also provides readers with the analytical and financial tools to analyze a fund's performance, with clear explanations of the mechanisms, organizations, and individuals that make the system work. The authors demystify private equity by providing a balanced, but critical, review of its contributions and shortcomings and moving beyond the simplistic journalistic descriptions. Its ecosystem is complex and not recognizing that complexity leads to inappropriate judgments. Because of its assumed opacity and some historical deviant (and generally transient) practices, it has often been accused of evil intents, making it an ideal scapegoat in times of economic crisis, prodding leading politicians and regulators to intervene and demand changes in practices. Unfortunately, such actors were often responding to public calls for action rather than a thorough understanding of the factors at play in this complex interdependent system, doing often more harm than good in the process and depriving economies of one of their most dynamic and creative forces. Self-regulation has clearly shown its limits, but righteous political interventions even more so. Private equity investment can be a valuable addition to many portfolios, but investors need a clear understanding of the forces at work before committing to this asset class. With detailed explanations and expert insights, Private Equity 4.0 is a comprehensive guide to the industry ways and means that enables the reader to capture its richness and sustainability.
private equity due diligence questionnaire: Introduction to Private Equity, Debt and Real Assets Cyril Demaria, 2020-04-09 Fully revised and updated to reflect changes in the private equity sector Building on and refining the content of previous editions, Introduction to Private Equity, Debt and Real Assets, Third Edition adopts the same logical, systematic, factual and long-term perspective on private markets (private equity, private debt and private real assets) combining academic rigour with extensive practical experience. The content has been fully revised to reflect developments and innovations in private markets, exploring new strategies, changes in structuring and the drive of new regulations. New sections have been added, covering fund raising and fund analysis, portfolio construction and risk measurement, as well as liquidity and start-up analysis. In addition, private debt and private real assets are given greater focus, with two new chapters analysing the current state of these evolving sectors. • Reflects the dramatic changes that have affected the private market industry, which is evolving rapidly, internationalizing and maturing fast • Provides a clear, synthetic and critical perspective of the industry from a professional who has worked at many levels within the industry • Approaches the private markets sector top-down, to provide a sense of its evolution and how the current situation has been built • Details the interrelations between investors, funds, fund managers and entrepreneurs This book provides a balanced perspective on the corporate governance challenges affecting the industry and draws perspectives on the evolution of the sector.
private equity due diligence questionnaire: Private Equity Operational Due Diligence, + Website Jason A. Scharfman, 2012-04-10 A step-by-step guide to develop a flexible comprehensive operational due diligence program for private equity and real estate funds Addressing the unique aspects and challenges associated with performing operational due diligence review of both private equity and real estate asset classes, this essential guide provides readers with the tools to develop a flexible comprehensive operational due diligence program for private equity and real estate. It includes techniques for analyzing fund legal documents and financial statements, as well as methods for evaluating operational risks concerning valuation methodologies, pricing documentation and illiquidity concerns. Covers topics including fund legal documents and financial statement analysis techniques Includes case studies in operational fraud Companion website includes sample checklists, templates, spreadsheets, and links to laws and regulations referenced in the book Equips investors with the tools to evaluate liquidity, valuation, and documentation Also by Jason Scharfman: Hedge Fund Operational Due Diligence: Understanding the Risks Filled with case studies, this book is required reading for private equity and real estate investors, as well as fund managers and service providers, for performing due diligence on the noninvestment risks associated with private equity and real estate funds.
private equity due diligence questionnaire: Private Equity H. Kent Baker, Greg Filbeck, Halil Kiymaz, 2015-06-25 During the past few decades, private equity (PE) has attracted considerable attention from investors, practitioners, and academicians. In fact, a substantial literature on PE has emerged. PE offers benefits for institutional and private wealth management clients including diversification and enhancement of risk-adjusted returns. However, several factors such as liquidity concerns, regulatory restrictions, and the lack of transparency limit the attractiveness of some PE options to investors. The latest volume in the Financial Markets and Investments Series, Private Equity: Opportunities and Risks offers a synthesis of the theoretical and empirical literature on PE in both emerging and developed markets. Editors H. Kent Baker, Greg Filbeck, Halil Kiymaz and their co-authors examine PE and provide important insights about topics such as major types of PE (venture capital, leveraged buyouts, mezzanine capital, and distressed debt investments), how PE works, performance and measurement, uses and structure, and trends in the market. Readers can gain an in-depth understanding about PE from academics and practitioners from around the world. Private Equity: Opportunities and Risks provides a fresh look at the intriguing yet complex subject of PE. A group of experts takes readers through the core topics and issues of PE, and also examines the latest trends and cutting-edge developments in the field. The coverage extends from discussing basic concepts and their application to increasingly complex and real-world situations. This new and intriguing examination of PE is essential reading for anyone hoping to gain a better understanding of PE, from seasoned professionals to those aspiring to enter the demanding world of finance.
private equity due diligence questionnaire: Beyond the J Curve Thomas Meyer, Pierre-Yves Mathonet, 2005-08-12 In recent times, venture capital and private equity funds have become household names, but so far little has been written for the investors in such funds, the so-called limited partners. There is far more to the management of a portfolio of venture capital and private equity funds than usually perceived. Beyond the J Curve describes an innovative toolset for such limited partners to design and manage portfolios tailored to the dynamics of this market place, going far beyond the typical and often-simplistic recipe to 'go for top quartile funds'. Beyond the J Curve provides the answers to key questions, including: Why 'top-quartile' promises should be taken with a huge pinch of salt and what it takes to select superior fund managers? What do limited partners need to consider when designing and managing portfolios? How one can determine the funds' economic value to help addressing the questions of 'fair value' under IAS 39 and 'risk' under Basel II or Solvency II? Why is monitoring important, and how does a limited partner manage his portfolio? How the portfolio's returns can be improved through proper liquidity management and what to consider when over-committing? And, why uncertainty rather than risk is an issue and how a limited partner can address and benefit from the fast changing private equity environment? Beyond the J Curve takes the practitioner's view and offers private equity and venture capital professionals a comprehensive guide making high return targets more realistic and sustainable. This book is a must have for all parties involved in this market, as well as academic and students.
private equity due diligence questionnaire: Hedge Fund Due Diligence Randy Shain, 2010-12-16 Hedge Fund Due Diligence provides a step-by-step methodology that will allow you to recognize and avoid questionable hedge funds before its too late. Based on a framework that hedge fund investigative expert Randy Shain has refined over the course of his successful career, this book offers an overview of due diligence into hedge fund management, how information on managers can be obtained, and why this information is essential to your investment endeavors.
private equity due diligence questionnaire: Private Equity Targets Francesco Baldi, 2012-10-24 Economics of private equity (PE). Empirical evidence on Italian manufacturing firms resorting to internal equity only to finance investments with positive NPV. Normative framework providing guidelines on how their entrepreneurial model (governance, gearing, growth) would be favourably influenced by conventional PE actions. Policy recommendations on how to expedite PE ownership expansion in Italy and other European countries.
private equity due diligence questionnaire: The Responsible Investor Anna Hyrske, Magdalena Lönnroth, Antti Savilaakso, Riikka Sievänen, 2022-10-31 • Provides an easy-to-access guide to what sustainable investing is and how it can influence investment decisions. • Written by experienced investment professionals, the book covers the full scale of Responsible Investment approaches and asset classes. • The book is based on global best practice and definitions as set by the UN-backed Principles for Responsible Investment (PRI), which is today the leading institution for responsible investors.
private equity due diligence questionnaire: Private Equity as an Asset Class Guy Fraser-Sampson, 2011-12-01 Unfairly reviled, and much misunderstood, private equity differs from all other asset classes in various important respects, not least the way in which its fund mechanisms operate, and the way in which its returns are recorded and analysed. Sadly, high level asset allocation decisions are frequently made on the basis of prejudice and misinformation, rather than a proper appreciation of the facts. Guy Fraser-Sampson draws upon more than twenty years of experience of the private equity industry to provide a practical guide to mastering the intricacies of this highly specialist asset class. Aimed equally at investors, professionals and business school students, it starts with such fundamental questions as ’what is private equity?’ and progresses to detailed consideration of different types of private equity activity such as venture capital and buyout. Rapid and significant changes in the environment during the recent financial crisis have prompted the need for a new edition. Separate chapters have been added on growth and development capital, as well as secondary investing. Newly emergent issues are considered, such as lengthening holding periods and the possible threat of declining returns. Particular problems, such as the need to distinguish between private equity and hedge funds, are addressed. The glossary has also been expanded. In short, readers will find that this new edition takes their understanding of the asset class to new heights. Key points include: A glossary of private equity terms Venture capital Buyout Growth capital Development capital Secondary investing Understanding private equity returns Analysing funds and returns How to plan a fund investment programme Detailed discussion of industry performance figures
private equity due diligence questionnaire: The Future of Innovation Henri Swan, 2024-02-05 This book is everything you need to know and the most comprehensive ever published covering startup, innovation, and venture capital lifecycle in one volume of over 400 pages loaded with color graphs and illustration with actionable insights from over 100 experts at leading institution, including Stanford, Harvard, MIT, Google, Apple, NASA, and other scientific and academic research institution.
private equity due diligence questionnaire: Angel Financing Gerald A. Benjamin, Joel B. Margulis, 1999-11-02 Your guardian angel has arrived Capital is the single most important factor to getting your venture off the ground, but finding it can be a challenge, particularly if you're running out of funding options. Suppose your venture is too small for institutional players. What do you do once you've exhausted your personal financial resources? Where do you go after banks, the leasing companies, the venture capital firms, have turned you down? What you need is an angel--a private investor with high net worth. Angel Financing--the only book of its kind--provides you with a road map to this valuable, little known, source of capital financing. Explains the structure of the direct private capital market Covers everything from the valuation process to writing an investor-oriented business plan
private equity due diligence questionnaire: Introduction to Private Equity Cyril Demaria, 2013-06-12 This second edition of Introduction to Private Equity is more than an update, it reflects the dramatic changes which have affected an industry which is evolving rapidly, internationalizing and maturing fast. What is recognized as a critical yet grounded guide to the private equity industry blends academic rigour with practical experience. It provides a clear, synthetic and critical perspective of the industry from a professional who has worked at many levels within the industry; including insurance, funds of funds, funds and portfolio companies. The book approaches the private equity sector top-down, to provide a sense of its evolution and how the current situation has been built. It then details the interrelations between investors, funds, fund managers and entrepreneurs. At this point, the perspective shifts to bottom-up, how a private business is valued, how transactions are processed and the due diligence issues to consider before moving ahead. Introduction to Private Equity, Second Edition covers the private equity industry as a whole, putting its recent developments (such as secondary markets, crowdfunding, venture capital in emerging markets) into perspective. The book covers its organization, governance and function, then details the various segments within the industry, including Leveraged Buy-Outs, Venture Capital, Mezzanine Financing, Growth Capital, Distressed Debt, Turn-Around Capital, Funds of Funds and beyond. Finally, it offers a framework to anticipate and understand its future developments. This book provides a balanced perspective on the corporate governance challenges affecting the industry and draws perspectives on the evolution of the sector, following a major crisis.
private equity due diligence questionnaire: Institutional Investor Activism William Bratton, Joseph A. McCahery, 2015-08-20 The past two decades has witnessed unprecedented changes in the corporate governance landscape in Europe, the US and Asia. Across many countries, activist investors have pursued engagements with management of target companies. More recently, the role of the hostile activist shareholder has been taken up by a set of hedge funds. Hedge fund activism is characterized by mergers and corporate restructuring, replacement of management and board members, proxy voting, and lobbying of management. These investors target and research companies, take large positions in `their stock, criticize their business plans and governance practices, and confront their managers, demanding action enhancing shareholder value. This book analyses the impact of activists on the companies that they invest, the effects on shareholders and on activists funds themselves. Chapters examine such topic as investors' strategic approaches, the financial returns they produce, and the regulatory frameworks within which they operate. The chapters also provide historical context, both of activist investment and institutional shareholder passivity. The volume facilitates a comparison between the US and the EU, juxtaposing not only regulatory patterns but investment styles.
private equity due diligence questionnaire: Investment Manager Analysis Frank J. Travers, 2011-08-31 Praise for Investment Manager Analysis This is a book that should have been written years ago. It provides a practical, thorough, and completely objective method to analyze and select an investment manager. It takes the mystery (and the consultants) out of the equation. Without question, this book belongs on every Plan Sponsor's desk. —Dave Davenport, Assistant Treasurer, Lord Corporation, author of The Equity Manager Search An insightful compendium of the issues that challenge those responsible for hiring and firing investment managers. Frank Travers does a good job of taking complicated analytical tools and methodologies and explaining them in a simple, yet practical manner. Anyone responsible for conducting investment manager due diligence should have a copy on their bookshelf. —Leon G. Cooperman, Chairman and CEO, Omega Advisors, Inc. Investment Manager Analysis provides a good overview of the important areas that purchasers of institutional investment management services need to consider. It is a good instructional guide, from which search policies and procedures can be developed, as well as a handy reference guide. —David Spaulding, President, The Spaulding Group, Inc. This book is the definitive work on the investment manager selection process. It is comprehensive in scope and well organized for both the layman and the professional. It should be required reading for any organization or individual seeking talent to manage their assets. —Scott Johnston, Chairman and Chief Investment Officer, Sterling Johnston Capital Management, LP Investment Manager Analysis is a much-needed, comprehensive review of the manager selection process. While the industry is riddled with information about selecting individual stocks, comparatively little has been written on the important subject of manager selection for fund sponsors. This is a particularly useful guide for the less experienced practitioner and offers considerable value to the veteran decisionmaker as well. —Dennis J. Trittin, CFA, Portfolio Manager, Russell Investment Group
private equity due diligence questionnaire: Asset Allocation and Private Markets Cyril Demaria, Maurice Pedergnana, Remy He, Roger Rissi, Sarah Debrand, 2021-03-03 The comprehensive guide to private market asset allocation Asset Allocation and Private Markets provides institutional investors, such as pension funds, insurance groups and family offices, with a single-volume authoritative resource on including private markets in strategic asset allocation. Written by four academic and practitioner specialists, this book provides the background knowledge investors need, coupled with practical advice from experts in the field. The discussion focuses on private equity, private debt and private real assets, and their correlation with other asset classes to establish optimized investment portfolios. Armed with the grounded and critical perspectives provided in this book, investors can tailor their portfolio and effectively allocate assets to traditional and private markets in their best interest. In-depth discussion of return, risks, liquidity and other factors of asset allocation takes a more practical turn with guidance on allocation construction and capital deployment, the “endowment model,” and hedging — or lack thereof. Unique in the depth and breadth of information on this increasingly attractive asset class, this book is an invaluable resource for investors seeking new strategies. Discover alternative solutions to traditional asset allocation strategies Consider attractive returns of private markets Delve into private equity, private debt and private real assets Gain expert perspectives on correlation, risk, liquidity, and portfolio construction Private markets represent a substantial proportion of global wealth. Amidst disappointing returns from stocks and bonds, investors are increasingly looking to revitalise traditional asset allocation strategies by weighting private market structures more heavily in their portfolios. Pension fund and other long-term asset managers need deeper information than is typically provided in tangential reference in broader asset allocation literature; Asset Allocation and Private Markets fills the gap, with comprehensive information and practical guidance.
private equity due diligence questionnaire: Patient Capital Victoria Ivashina, Josh Lerner, 2021-04-13 How to overcome barriers to the long-term investments that are essential for solving the world’s biggest problems There has never been a greater need for long-term investments to tackle the world’s most difficult problems, such as climate change, human health, and decaying infrastructure. And it is increasingly unlikely that the public sector will be willing or able to fill this gap. If these critical needs are to be met, the major pools of long-term, patient capital—including pensions, sovereign wealth funds, university endowments, and wealthy individuals and families—will have to play a large role. In this accessible and authoritative account of long-term capital investment, two leading experts on the subject, Victoria Ivashina and Josh Lerner, highlight the significant hurdles facing long-term investors and propose concrete ways to overcome these difficulties.
private equity due diligence questionnaire: Research Handbook on Global Capital Markets Law Iris H.-Y. Chiu, Iain G. MacNeil, 2023-06-01 This Research Handbook is a one-stop resource on global capital markets and the laws that regulate them. Featuring contributions from leading global experts, the Research Handbook delves into a range of issues including investment products such as equity finance; sustainable finance; fintech; impact investing; and private equity. It also provides analysis on institutional and procedural issues such as large and small companies' capital formation, the roles of institutional shareholders and information providers, and the practices and regulation of financial trading markets.
private equity due diligence questionnaire: The Little Book of Venture Capital Investing Louis C. Gerken, 2014-01-13 A little book full of enormous value for novices and seasoned venture capitalists alike After having been thrown for a loop by the bursting of the tech bubble more than a decade ago, the venture capital industry suddenly has come roaring back to life over the past two years. In 2011 alone, more than $7.5 billion in venture capital was invested—representing more than a 19% increase over the previous year—in more than 966 companies. A majority of these companies reside in the life sciences, Internet, and alternative energy sectors. In today's weak job market, VC is more important than ever, since financing new tech, alternative energy, media, and other small to mid-sized companies is vital to creating new jobs. Written by Lou Gerken, a noted international authority on venture capital and alternative investments, this book tells you everything you need to know about the venture capital industry's important role in enhancing economic growth and employment. It is also the perfect go to primer on making venture capital investments to enhance portfolio returns. Highly accessible explanations of the ins and outs of venture capital for would-be investors and experienced VCs Highlights the historical VC track record, and offers expert advice and guidance on venture capital exposure, investment options, sourcing opportunities and due diligence Provides proven strategies for successful investment selection, timing, monitoring, and exiting for optimum returns Features endorsements from luminaries of the VC world, including Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers co-founder Frank Caulfield, and Dr. Art Laffer, among others
private equity due diligence questionnaire: Inside Private Equity James M. Kocis, James C. Bachman, IV, Austin M. Long, III, Craig J. Nickels, 2009-04-20 Inside Private Equity explores the complexities of this asset class and introduces new methodologies that connect investment returns with wealth creation. By providing straightforward examples, it demystifies traditional measures like the IRR and challenges many of the common assumptions about this asset class. Readers take away a set of practical measures that empower them to better manage their portfolios.
private equity due diligence questionnaire: Alternative Investments CAIA Association, Hossein B. Kazemi, Keith H. Black, Donald R. Chambers, 2016-09-27 In-depth Level II exam preparation direct from the CAIA Association CAIA Level II is the official study guide for the Chartered Alternative Investment Analyst professional examination, and an authoritative guide to working in the alternative investment sphere. Written by the makers of the exam, this book provides in-depth guidance through the entire exam agenda; the Level II strategies are the same as Level I, but this time you'll review them through the lens of risk management and portfolio optimisation. Topics include asset allocation and portfolio oversight, style analysis, risk management, alternative asset securitisation, secondary market creation, performance and style attribution and indexing and benchmarking, with clear organisation and a logical progression that allows you to customise your preparation focus. This new third edition has been updated to align with the latest exam, and to reflect the current practices in the field. The CAIA designation was developed to provide a standardized knowledge base in the midst of explosive capital inflow into alternative investments. This book provides a single-source repository of that essential information, tailored to those preparing for the Level II exam. Measure, monitor and manage funds from a risk management perspective Delve into advanced portfolio structures and optimisation strategies Master the nuances of private equity, real assets, commodities and hedge funds Gain expert insight into preparing thoroughly for the CAIA Level II exam The CAIA Charter programme is rigorous and comprehensive, and the designation is globally recognised as the highest standard in alternative investment education. Candidates seeking thorough preparation and detailed explanations of all aspects of alternative investment need look no further than CAIA Level II.
private equity due diligence questionnaire: Alternative Investment Operations Jason Scharfman, 2020-08-29 Alternative investments such as hedge funds, private equity, and fund of funds continue to be of strong interest among the investment community. As these investment strategies have become increasingly complex, fund managers have continued to devote more time and resources towards developing best practice operations to support the actual trade processing, fund accounting, and back-office mechanics that allow these strategies to function. Representative of this operational growth, estimates have indicated that fund managers have seen increased operating budgets of 30% or more in recent years. In today’s highly regulated environment, alternative investment managers have also increasingly had to integrate rigorous compliance and cybersecurity oversight into fund operations. Additionally, with recent advances in artificial intelligence and big data analysis, fund managers are devoting larger portions of their information technology budgets towards realizing technology-based operational efficiencies. Alternative investment fund service providers have also substantially increased their scope and breadth of their operations-related services. Furthermore, investors are increasingly performing deep-dive due diligence on fund manager operations at both fund level and management company levels. This book provides current and practical guidance on the foundations of how alternative investment managers build and manage their operations. While other publications have focused on generalized overviews of historical trading procedures across multiple asset classes, and the technical intricacies of specific legacy operational procedures, Alternative Investment Operations will be the first book to focus on explaining up-to-date information on the specific real-world operational practices actually employed by alternative investment managers. This book will focus on how to actually establish and manage fund operations. Alternative Investment Operations will be an invaluable up-to-date resource for fund managers and their operations personnel as well as investors and service providers on the implementation and management of best practice operations.
private equity due diligence questionnaire: The Family Office Book Richard C. Wilson, 2012-08-07 Key strategies for running a family office for fund managers Understanding the basics of the family office industry is essential if you want to succeed in establishing a successful fund for a wealthy family. That's where The Family Office Book comes in. Outlining key strategies for family offices, from what a family office is to how the industry operates, and important global differences, the book is packed with interviews with experts from leading family offices. Providing readers with need-to-know tips and tools to succeed, The Family Office Book gives current and future practitioners everything they need to know about this popular segment of the financial industry. Includes investment criteria, presented as a roadmap showing how several family offices are allocating capita Outlines strategies for fund managers of all types, including mutual funds, real estate funds, private equity, and hedge funds on raising capital in this field Features interviews with the most famous and sought after family offices to give real-life examples of successful family offices in action A comprehensive and reliable resource, The Family Office Book details exactly how family offices are choosing investment managers and why, and how, to break into the industry.
private equity due diligence questionnaire: Private Equity Review Stephen L Ritchie, 2017-05-12 The Private Equity Review, edited by Stephen L Ritchie of Kirkland & Ellis LLP, reflects the fact the market continues to become more geographically diverse, meaning that private equity professionals need guidance from local practitioners about how to raise money and close deals in multiple jurisdictions. With this need in mind, this book contains contributions from leading private equity practitioners in 29 different countries, with observations and advice on private equity deal-making, investing and fundraising in their respective jurisdictions. Contributors include: Iain McMurdo, Maples and Calder; Christian Hoedl, Uria Menendez.
private equity due diligence questionnaire: The Business Case Checklist ,
private equity due diligence questionnaire: Sustainable Finance and Impact Investing Alan S. Gutterman, 2021-02-09 This book provides readers with a basic understanding of sustainable finance and impact investing including history, definitions of impact, current trends and drivers, future challenges, and an overview of the key players in the global impact ecosystem. The term impact investing first appeared in 2008. Today the most commonly used definition is investing made with the intention to generate positive, measurable social and environmental impact alongside a financial return. A wide range of individual and institutional investors that have already entered the impact investment marketplace and continued growing enthusiasm can be expected given that feedback from investors indicated that portfolio performance has generally met or exceed their expectations for both social and environmental impact and financial return. Established companies have been compelled to respond to calls by institutional investors to incorporate responsible environmental, social, and governance initiatives into their business models as a condition to continued support in public capital markets. Other companies seeking to demonstrate to impact investors their commitment to environmental and social responsibility have opted for emerging forms of legal entities, so-called social enterprises, which explicitly incorporate sustainability and multi-stakeholder interests into their governance and reporting frameworks. This book provides readers with a basic understanding of sustainable finance and impact investing including history, definitions of impact, current trends and drivers, future challenges, and an overview of the key players in the global impact ecosystem. The book also describes impact investment structures and instruments, social enterprises, and impact measurement and reporting.
private equity due diligence questionnaire: Sustainable Investing: Problems And Solutions Anatoly B Schmidt, 2024-08-08 This book covers multifaceted problems and their possible solutions in sustainable investing. Written by experts in the field from academia and industry, the book includes three main topics. The general problems of sustainable investing are addressed in Part 1. They include the discussion of the concept of double materiality, current ESG legal framework and its specifics for private equity, the reviews of the sustainable investment indexes and funds, as well as the machine learning techniques for deriving and analysing the ESG ratings.Part 2 is devoted to the climate change. It covers net-zero portfolios being the means of reducing the investment carbon footprint, estimation of the Scope 3 greenhouse gas emissions, venture investments in carbon dioxide removal technologies, and an optimization problem of fuel production in carbon trading.Finally, Part 3 describes several sustainable investing strategies based on including sustainability indices and factors into the portfolio choice framework. It also introduces new portfolio performance measures relevant for sustainable investing.
private equity due diligence questionnaire: Sustainable Investing Cary Krosinsky, Sophie Purdom, 2016-12-08 A seminal shift has taken place in the world of investing. A clear and overarching reality has emerged which must be solved: financial considerations must factor in sustainability considerations for ongoing societal success, while sustainability issues equally need to be driven by a business case. As a result, investment practices are evolving, especially towards more positive philosophies and frameworks. Sustainable Investing brings the reader up to speed on trends playing out in each region and asset class, drawing on contributions from leading practitioners across the globe. Implications abound for financial professionals and other interested investors, as well as corporations seeking to understand future investment trends that will affect their shareholders’ thinking. Policymakers and other stakeholders also need to be aware of what is happening in order to understand how they can be most effective at helping implement and enable the changes arguably now required for economic and financial success. Sustainable Investing represents an essential overview of sustainable investment practices that will be a valuable resource for students and scholars of sustainable banking and finance, as well as professionals and policymakers with an interest in this fast-moving field.
private equity due diligence questionnaire: Responsible Investment Banking Karen Wendt, 2015-06-15 This book provides evidence on the relevance of environmental and social factors in decision making. It discusses the Gold Standard Frameworks for integrating extra-financial risks into the philosophy, culture, strategies, products and value chain management procedures of investment and banking and highlights the current emergence of global administrative law. New emerging topics like positive impact investing and finance, climate friendly markets, human rights, the enhanced role of fiduciary duties and shared values are approached with a lot of examples for practical application. Steps towards a new banking culture, a new climate for double loop learning and sustainable financial innovation are outlined and the additional benefits of robust stakeholder engagement explained. The anthology paves the way from robust impact and risk management to positive impact creation and a new investment culture. As well, challenges for the implementation and ways to overcome them are broadly discussed. The book is rooted in the fact that institutions and investors which fail to professionally integrate the management of extra-financial risk into their whole lending and investment chain and fail to move to positive impact creation may well loose positions and mandates and finally the trust of their clients, partners and stakeholders. The contributing authors of this anthology are internationally renowned experts in the field of ESG and impact investing. The compendium brings together practitioners and academics to allow a confluence of thoughts, concepts and viewpoints. This huge variety of perspectives and approaches makes this volume a comprehensive compendium on responsible investment and banking.

Private Equity Due Diligence Questionnaire